Positive predictive value of automated database records for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children and youth exposed to antipsychotic drugs or control medications: a tennessee medicaid study

Table 2 Positive predictive value (PPV) of computer case definition for diabetic ketoacidosis

	PPV (%)^a	95% Confidence Interval^a
Overall	88.9	71.9 to 96.1
Stratified analyses
By psychotropic drug exposure^b
Antipsychotic drug	83.3	43.6 to 97.0
Other psychotropic drugs	90.0	71.1 to 97.3
By age strata
Upper (ages 11-24 years)	100.0	81.6 to 100.0
Lower (age ≤ 10 years)	70.0	39.7 to 89.2
By gender
Male	100.0	78.5 to 100.0
Female	76.9	49.7 to 91.8
By ADHD diagnosis
Yes	80.0	54.8 to 93.0
No	100.0	75.8 to 100.0

^a The positive predictive value (PPV) of the DKA case definition was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for binomial proportions using Wilson's formula.
^b The cohort consisted of recent initiators of antipsychotics or control medications (mood stabilizers, ADHD drugs, antidepressants, benzodiazepines) who filled a qualifying prescription for a study drug, had no fill more than 90 days prior to the qualifying prescription, and had at ≥ 365 prior consecutive days with no filled prescription.
^c The underlying cohort consisted of children and youth (aged 6-24 years).
Key: ADHD = attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder