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Table 1 Diabetes study characteristics
| Source | Inclusion Criteria | Duration of study mths. | Nos. assigned to Intervention & (%) drop out | Nos. assigned to Control & (%) drop out | Intervention for self-monitoring group | Control group intervention |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19 Wing 1986, US | NIDDM, ≥ 20% above ideal weight. Use oral hypoglycaemic medication or insulin. | 14 | 25 (8.0) | 25 (12.0) | Taught to make changes in diet and exercise if SMBG elevated. | Standard behavioural weight control treatment |
| 14 Fontbonne 1989, France | NIDDM, no rapidly progressing diabetic complications and no severe illness. | 6 | 68 (17.6) | 68 (20.6) | All patients had pre entry visit, and training in SMBG. | Usual diabetic clinic care |
| 11 Allen 1990, US | NIDDM, No prior experience of monitoring | 6 | 31 (12.9) | 30 (10.0) | Diet and exercise counselling. Individual instruction for SMBG | Diet and exercise counselling. Individual instruction for SMUG |
| 13 Estey 1990, Canada | NIDDM On diet or oral hypoglycaemic drugs. | 3 | 30(6.7) | 30 (16.7) | 3 day education program (test and control). Inc. nurse, dietician, social worker and pharmacist. | Same 3-day education programme |
| 5 Rutten 1990, Holland | Treated for NIDDM for least 6 months. Not taking insulin. Not under treatment for other conditions. | 12 | 66 (50) | 83 (12.0) | Given instruction on SMBG on 2–5 occasions. Given advice and therapeutic goals. | Usual General Practice care |
| 15 Gallichan 1994, UK | NIDDM, on oral hypoglycaemic agents. | 6 | 15 (33.3) | 12 (16.7) | Instruction on SMBG. | Instruction on SMUG |
| 19 Muchmore 1994, US | NIDDM treated with diet alone/diet + oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents. No use of self monitoring for 3 months. | 7 | 15 (20.0) | 14 (21.4) | Training in SMBG from nurse educator individually and in groups | General strategies of diabetes control, exercise, recommended by ADA. |
| 17 Miles 1997, UK | Newly diagnosed NIDDM | 6 | 68 (18) | 23 (28.0) | Group education, within a week of diagnosis. 4 education sessions supervised by nurse. Individual SMBG techniques checked at 1 month. | Group education, within a week of diagnosis. 4 education sessions supervised by nurse. Individual SMUG technique checked at 1 month. |
| 18 Schwedes 2002, Germany | NIDDM, BMI > 25 kg/m2. Treated with diet or diet in combination with sulfonylureas or metformin. | 6 | 125 (9.6) | 125 (12.0) | Standardized counselling and instruction on use of SMBG | None standardised counselling on diet and lifestyle. |
| 4 Guerci 2003, France | NIDDM, no prior experience of monitoring and able to carry out self monitoring. | 6 | 345 (47.5) | 344 (40.4) | Training in SMBG by GP | Usual General Practice care |
| 12 Davidson 2005, US | NIDDM, on entering Diabetes Managed Care Program. | 6 | 43 (2.3) | 45 (0) | Training in SMBG by specialist nurse | Diabetes Managed Care Program. |
