Table 1 Characteristics of participants and non-participants in a multifactorial comprehensive lifestyle intervention trial for patients with CVD

Socio-demographic

Sex: male

35 (70.0%)

39 (78.0%)

-0.25 to 0.09

Age (mean ± SD)

60.2 ± 8.9

64.3 ± 8.3

0.72 to 7.53*

Married or living together

29 (60.0%)

38 (76.0%)

-0.33 to 0.03

Level of education

   - Low

15 (31.3%)

24 (48.0%)

-0.34 to 0.03

   - Middle

15 (31.3%)

23 (46.0%)

-0.32 to 0.04

   - High

18 (37.5%)

3 (6.0%)

0.16 to 0.46*

Job status

   - Retired

17 (35.4%)

30 (60.0%)

-0.42 to -0.05*

   - Working

17 (35.4%)

6 (12.0%)

0.07 to 0.39*

   - Unemployed

14 (29.2%)

14 (28.0%)

-0.16 to 0.19

Ethnic minority

10 (21.3%)

6 (12.5%)

-0.07 to 0.24

Distance to hospital in km (mean ± SD)

9.9 ± 7.4

12.4 ± 15.9

-2.43 to 7.42

Health-related variables

Perceived general health

SF36

   - Good, very good or excellent

26 (54.2%)

28 (56.0%)

-0.21 to 0.17

   - Fair or poor

22 (45.8%)

22 (44.0%)

-0.17 to 0.21

EuroQol (mean ± SD)

0.73 ± 0.3

0.80 ± 0.2

-0.04 to 0.18

Clinical

BMI (mean ± SD)

28.1 ± 5.4

27.0 ± 3.8

-2.99 to 0.73

Overweight (25<BMI < 30)

20 (40.0%)

23 (46.9%)

-0.25 to 0.12

Obese (BMI > 30)

16 (32.0%)

8 (16.3%)

-0.01 to 0.32

Co-morbidity diabetes

9 (18.0%)

10 (20.0%)

-0.17 to 0.14

Hypertension

29 (58.0%)

30 (60.0%)

-0.21 to 0.17

Behavioral variables

Lifestyle behaviors

Current smoker

17 (39.5%)

16 (32.0%)

-0.12 to 0.26

Pack years (mean ± SD)

19.5 ± 19.3

14.7 ± 16.9

-12.32 to 2.73

Not meeting recommended levels of physical activity

33 (66.0%)

32 (65.3%)

-0.27 to 0.33

Stages of behavioral change

Pre-contemplation

2 (4.2%)

8 (16.3%)

-0.25 to 0.00

Contemplation

5 (10.4%)

5 (10.2%)

-0.13 to 0.13

Preparation

8 (16.7%)

4 (8.2%)

-0.05 to 0.22

Action

9 (18.8%)

12 (24.5%)

-0.22 to 0.11

Maintenance

24 (50.0%)

20 (40.8%)

-0.10 to 0.28