Fig. 1

Meta-analysis of raw SpHb errors. Forest plot depicting the data from the literature (top) and the inferences made on bias and measurement error by model fitting (bottom). Top: square: reported bias (average error) m i (size proportional to weight), whiskers: possible errors (m i ±1.96s d i ). Bottom: credible regions for bias of a new study (μ ∗) and error of a new observation (e ∗,∗,∗)