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Table 2 Estimated trial effectiveness, uptake and population impact of four interventions to decrease antibiotic prescription or consumption for acute respiratory infections in primary care

From: What’s the uptake? Pragmatic RCTs may be used to estimate uptake, and thereby population impact of interventions, but better reporting of trial recruitment processes is needed

 

Trial effectiveness

Uptake of intervention

Population impact

Intervention

Total event rate in intervention group

Total event rate in control group

Summary Relative Risk (95% CI)

Relative Risk Reduction (RRR;1-RR)

Total number of participating GPs

Total number of potential participating GPs

Population Uptake

(95% CI)

Relative risk reduction

(RRR × Uptake)

Ranking

Delayed prescribing

255/817

790/847

0.36 (0.27–0.48)

64%

48

255d

19% (14–24%)

12.0%

1

Procalcitonin

117/507

320/501

0.39 (0.17–0.86)

61%

53

345

15% (12–19%)

9.4%

2

CRP

631/1685

785/1599

0.78 (0.66–0.92)

22%

35

125

28% (20% – 36%)

6.2%

3

Shared decision making

5236a

4936a

0.61 (0.55–0.68)

39%

281b

3389b

9.5% (0–20%)c

3.7%

4

  1. aNumber of events not reported
  2. bTotal across 3 RCTs, combined in a logistic regression model with random intercepts
  3. cLower CI set as ≥0
  4. d22/61 practices participated; out of participating practices 48/92 GPs participated; therefore number of potential participating GPs is 92 × (61/22) = 255