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Table 1 Summary of findings table of benefits and risks of preoperative anemia management

From: User testing of an adaptation of fishbone diagrams to depict results of systematic reviews

Outcomes

№ of participants (studies)

Follow-up

Certainty of the evidence

(GRADE)

Relative effect

(95% CI)

Anticipated absolute effects

Risk with no intervention

Risk difference with preoperative treatment for anemia

Reduction of Mortality follow up: range 7 days to 30 days

210 (3 RCTs)

LOW 1

RR 1.59 (0.48 to 5.31)

38 per 1000

23 more per 1000 (20 fewer to 160 more)

Quality of Life

(0 studies)

not estimable

0 per 1000

0 fewer per 1000 (0 fewer to 0 fewer)

Need for Blood Transfusions follow up: range 7 days to 30 days

304 (5 RCTs)

MODERATE 2

RR 0.78 (0.61 to 1.02)

532 per 1000

117 fewer per 1000(207 fewer to 11 more)

Duration of Hospital Stay follow up: mean 30 days

74 (1 RCT)

VERY LOW 1,3

not estimable

The mean duration of hospital stay was

11.3 vs. 13.5 days (difference not statistically significant)

Thromboembolic Events follow up: range 7 days to 30 days

421 (4 RCTs)

LOW 1

RR 1.71 (0.41 to 7.08)

0 per 1000

0 fewer per 1000(2 fewer to 40 more)

Rate of Infections

(0 studies)

not estimable

0 per 1000

0 fewer per 1000 (0 fewer to 0 fewer)

  1. *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI)
  2. CI: Confidence interval; RR: Risk ratio
  3. GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
  4. High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect
  5. Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different
  6. Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect
  7. Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect
  8. 1 Few events, studies do not meet optimal information size, confidence intervals encompass clinically important differences
  9. 2 Studies do not meet optimal information size
  10. 3 High risk of bias of included trial