From: Reporting of heterogeneity of treatment effect in cohort studies: a review of the literature
Study characteristics | Cohort studies in High impact journals (n = 75) | Cohort studies in low impact journals (n = 75) | p-value* |
---|---|---|---|
Sample size, Median(Interquartile range) | 4176(1274–23,452) | 415(138.5–2586) | <0.001 |
Length of follow up (years), Median(Interquartile range) | 5(2–10) | 2.1(1–5) | 0.002 |
Date of publication | <0.001 | ||
2000–2013 | 57(76) | 13(17) | |
2014–2016 | 17(24) | 62(83) | |
Journal type, n(%) | |||
High impact factor journals (HIJ) | 75(100) | – | |
Low impact factor journals (LIJ) | – | 75(100) | |
Study area, n(%) | 0.81 | ||
Interventional | 23(30.7) | 27(34) | |
Pharmacological | 46(61.3) | 43(57) | |
Other | 6(8) | 5(9) | |
Source of funding, n (%) | 0.15 | ||
Industry | 51(68) | 49(65) | |
Other | 18(24) | 12(16) | |
NA | 6(8) | 14(19) | |
Type of primary outcome, n (%) | 0.001 | ||
Time to event | 44(58.7) | 21(28) | |
Binary | 19(25.3) | 31(41) | |
Continuous | 12(16) | 23(31) | |
Main effect of primary outcome, n (%) | 0.02 | ||
Statistically significant | 55(73) | 41(54.7) | |
Not statistically significant | 20(27) | 34(45.3) | |
Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Score, n(%) | 0.03 | ||
0–3 | 1(2) | 4(5) | |
4–6 | 46(61) | 42(56) | |
7–8 | 28(37) | 29(39) | |
HTE reporting | 55(73) | 33(44) | <0.001 |
Analysis of predictive factors on side effects, n(%) | 2(4) | 0(0) | 0.53 |
Prespecification of HTE, n(%) | 54(98) | 30(91) | 0.15 |
Type of HTE analysis, n(%) | 0.44 | ||
Subgroup | 1(2) | 1(3) | |
Adjusted | 40(73) | 27(82) | |
Propension | 14(25) | 5(15) | |
Predictive variables studied, n(%) | |||
Age | 23(42) | 7(21) | 0.06 |
Sexe | 12(22) | 3(9) | 0.15 |
Social level | 2(4) | 2(6) | 0.63 |
Genetics | 2(4) | 1(3) | 0.03 |
Treatment | 44(80) | 22(67) | 0.21 |
Comorbidities | 23(42) | 8(24) | 0.11 |
Severity of disease | 9(16) | 4(12) | 0.76 |
Prognostic variables studied, n(%) | 27(36) | 24(73) | 0.7 |
Analysis of prognostic factors on side effect, n(%) | 1(1) | 1(3) | 1 |
Interaction test, n(%) | 21(28) | 6(8) | 0.06 |