Is blood pressure reduction a valid surrogate endpoint for stroke prevention? an analysis incorporating a systematic review of randomised controlled trials, a by-trial weighted errors-in-variables regression, the surrogate threshold effect (STE) and the biomarker-surrogacy (BioSurrogate) evaluation schema (BSES)

Lassere, Marissa N; Johnson, Kent R; Schiff, Michal; Rees, David

doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-27

Table 1 Trial, clinical and pharmacologic characteristics of the 18 trials that met inclusion criteria

From: Is blood pressure reduction a valid surrogate endpoint for stroke prevention? an analysis incorporating a systematic review of randomised controlled trials, a by-trial weighted errors-in-variables regression, the surrogate threshold effect (STE) and the biomarker-surrogacy (BioSurrogate) evaluation schema (BSES)

Trial	Year	Trial Size	Mean Trial Duration (yrs)	Prevention	Drug (first agent/s)	Add on Drug (s)#	Drug Class*	Mean SBP* at base- line	Mean DBP* at base- line	Mean Age	Male %	Diabetes %	Smoker %
ANBP1 [26]	1980	3427	4	Primary	chlorothiazide	N	0,1,2	157.4	100.5	50.4	63.0	0.0	25.0
IPPPSH [27]	1985	6357	4	Mixed	Oxprenolol	Y	1,2	173.0	107.5	52.2	50.2		29.1
MRC-mild [28]	1985	17354	5	Mixed	bendrofluazide or propranolol	N	1,2	161.5	98.5	50.0	50.0		31.0
HEP [29]	1986	884	8	Primary	Atenolol	N	0,1,2	196.4	98.9	68.8	30.9	0.0	24.3
SHEP [30]	1991	4736	4.5	Primary	Chlorthalidone	N	1,2	170.3	76.6	71.6	43.2	10.1	12.7
STOP [31]	1991	1627	2.1	Primary	atenolol or hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride or metoprolol or pindolol	N	1,2	195.0	102.0	75.7	37.0		8.0
MRC-elderly [32]	1992	4396	5.8	Primary	atenolol or amiloride/ hydrochlorothiazide	N	1,2	184.7	90.7	70.3	41.8	0.0	17.5
PATS [33]	1995	5665	2	Secondary	Indapamide	N	1	153.8	92.8	60.0	72.0
Syst-Eur [34]	1997	4695	2	Primary	Nitrendipine	N	1,3,4	173.9	85.5	70.3	33.2		7.3
PREVENT [35]	2000	825	3	Secondary	Amlodipine	Y	2,3,4	129.4	78.9	56.9	80.1		24.7
PROGRESS [36]	2001	6105	4	Secondary	Perindopril	N	1,3	147.0	86.0	64.0	70.0	12.5	20.0
EUROPA [37]	2003	12218	4.2	Secondary	Perindopril	Y	1,2,3,4	137.0	82.0	60.0	85.4	12.3
SCOPE [38]	2003	4937	3.7	Primary	Candesartan	Y	1,2,3,4,5	166.3	90.4	76.4	35.5	12.0	8.7
HYVET-pilot [39]	2003	857	1.1	Primary	bendroflumethiazide or lisinopril	N	1,3,4	181.5	99.6	83.8	36.6		4.2
PEACE [40]	2004	8290	4.8	Secondary	Trandolapril	Y	1,2,3,4	133.5	78.0	64.0	82.0	17.0	14.5
ACTION [41]	2004	7665	4.9	Secondary	Nifedipine	Y	1,2,3,4	137.5	79.9	63.4	79.4	14.5	17.7
TRANSCEND [42]	2008	5926	4.7	Secondary	Telmisartan	Y	1,2,4,5	141.0	81.9	66.9	57.0	35.7	9.8
HYVET-main [43]	2008	3845	2.1	Primary	Indapamide	N	1,4	173.0	90.8	83.6	39.5	6.8	6.5

# Possible anti-hypertensive pharmacologic treatment at entry or add-on during trial to any trial arm. *Drug Class: 0 = older drugs (methyldopa, clonidine etc), 1 = diuretics, 2 = beta-blockers 3 = angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, 4 = calcium channel blockers (CCBs), 5 = angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs, also called angiotensin II receptor antagonists (AIIRA))

Back to article page

ISSN: 1471-2288

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com

BMC Medical Research Methodology

Contact us