Structural equation and log-linear modeling: a comparison of methods in the analysis of a study on caregivers' health

Table 5 Comparison of the results of the SEM and the LLM approaches

	Significant test/effect measures
Terms included in models (Terms were represented as interaction terms in LLM, but were represented as pathways in SEM except for '#')	SEM	LLM	SEM (t-values)	LLM (p-values)	SEM(Path Coefficient) (effect size*)	LLM (Odds Ratio) (effect size*)
*PhysicalPsycho (#)**	Yes (#)	Yes	7.92	<0.0001	0.64 (#)(L)	1.65(L)
*PsychoStress Management**	Yes	Yes	2.52	<0.0001	0.11(S)	1.25(S)
*PsychoSelf-Perception**	Yes	Yes	3.15	<0.0001	0.23(M)	1.35(M)
*PsychoChild Behaviour**	Yes	Yes	-4.07	0.0052	-0.22(M)	0.86(S)
*PhysicalCaregiver Demands**	Yes	Yes	5.00	0.0003	0.23(M)	1.19(S)
*PhysicalFamily Function**	Yes	Yes	5.34	0.0011	0.33(M)	1.19(S)
*Stress ManagementChild Behaviour**	Yes	Yes	-2.75	0.0089	-0.18(M)	0.87(S)
*Stress ManagementFamily Function**	Yes	Yes	4.46	<0.0001	0.27(M)	1.31(S)
*Self PerceptionChild Behaviour**	Yes	Yes	-4.78	<0.0001	-0.37(M)	0.81(S)
*Family FunctionSelf-Perception**	Yes	Yes	6.67	<0.0001	0.56 (L)	1.70 (L)
Child behaviour*Gross Income	Yes	No	-3.36	NA	-0.18 (M)	NA
Psycho*Family Function	Yes	No	3.83	NA	0.33 (M)	NA
Physical*Child Behaviour	Yes	No	-2.98	NA	-0.18 (M)	NA
Social Support*Self-Perception	Yes	No	3.10	NA	0.18 (M)	NA
Stress Management*Self-Perception	Yes	No	4.30	NA	0.29 (M)	NA
Psycho*Caregiving Demands	Yes	No	3.12	NA	0.12 (S)	NA
Social Support*Family Function	Yes	No	3.67	NA	0.18 (M)	NA

Note: # Error Covariance between Psycho and Physical latent variables (or correlations of the Residual term of Psycho and Physical latent variables) in the SEM model; * We have ranked large, medium and small effects for 10 effect sizes in both models.

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