Validity and reliability of a Malay version of the brief illness perception questionnaire for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 4 Correlation (Pearson’s correlation coefficients) between MBIPQ and self-efficacy, medication adherence, quality of life, depressive symptoms, diabetes-related distress and HbA1c

No.	MBIPQ Item	Self-efficacy	Medication adherence	Quality of life	Depressive symptoms	Total DDS-17	HbA1c
1.	Consequences	−0.05	−0.09	−0.17^**	0.21^**	0.28^**	0.10
2.	Timeline	0.10	0.10^a	0.05	−0.11^b	−0.15^**	−0.09
3.	Personal Control	0.35^**	0.23^**	0.31^**	−0.12^*	−0.23^**	−0.13^*
4.	Treatment Control	0.26^**	0.29^**	0.31^**	−0.18^**	−0.17^**	−0.16^**
5.	Identity	−0.13^*	−0.04	−0.17^*	0.16^**	0.23^**	0.09
6.	Concern	0.05	−0.04	−0.09	0.21^**	0.28^**	0.23^**
7.	Understanding	0.35^**	−0.06	0.14^*	−0.03	0.004	0.12^*
8.	Emotional Response	−0.02	−0.10	−0.18^**	0.29^**	0.28^**	0.15^**

MBIPQ Malay version of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, DDS-17 the 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale
^* p value <0.05, ^** p value <0.01
^a Spearman correlations was 0.15 at p = 0.010
^bSpearman correlations was −0.20 at p < 0.01