Table 2 Summary characteristics of included models evaluating surveillance strategies
First author Year Country | Model Type | HCV population | Regimens evaluateda | Perspective | Time horizon Discount rate Cycle length | Sponsor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canavan 2013 [56] UK | Markov | Newly diagnosed with chronic HCV and no fibrosis | • Intermittent biopsy followed by ultrasound and blood test every 6 mths • Annual biopsy followed by liver cancer screening at 6-mth intervals once cirrhosis identified • Replacing intermittent liver biopsy by TE with confirmation liver biopsy, followed by liver cancer screening at 6-month intervals once cirrhosis identified • Annual TE with confirmation liver biopsy, followed by liver cancer screening at 6-mth intervals once cirrhosis identified • Annual TE as a definitive test, followed by liver cancer screening at 6-mth intervals once cirrhosis identified • No surveillance of fibrosis stage | UK NHS (Hospital) | Lifetime 3.5%a 3 mths | Lead author funded by MRC Population Health Science Fellowship |
Crossanb 2015 [54] UK | Markov | HBV, HCV (G1–4, with suspected fibrosis, who usually present for liver biopsy), ALD, NAFLDc | • TE • FibroTest • ARFI • Other invasive tests (including: DwMRI, • FibroIndex, contract-enhanced ultrasound, and Type IV collagen) • Liver biopsy | UK NHS | Lifetime 3.5%a 3 mths | UK NIHR HTA Programme |
Liu 2011 [57] USA | Markov | Tx naïve, G1–3 | • FibroTest • FibroTest & liver biopsy • FibroTest rule-in • FibroTest rule-out • Liver biopsy only (recommended practice) • Immediate Tx | Payer | Lifetime 3%a 6 mths | US NIH NIA Career development & Stanford Graduate Fellowship |