Table 1 Characteristics of all Ischemic Stroke Patients (N = 1022) and per Dutch Stroke Center, Admitted from March 2014 – August 2016 in Four Dutch Stroke Hospitals
Patient characteristics | All patients (N = 1022) | Stroke Center I, University (N = 222) | Stroke Center II, District-based (N = 555) | Stroke Center III, District-based (N = 216) | Stroke Center IV, District-based (N = 29) | P-value | Missing data, N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male, N (%) | 578 (57) | 139 (63) | 315 (57) | 109 (50) | 15 (52) | 0.076 | Â |
Age, median (IQR) | 74 (64–82) | 70 (59–80) | 76 (66–83) | 72 (63–82) | 78 (72–85) | 0.001 |  |
Nationality | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.351 | 84 (8) |
 Native Dutch | 888 (87) | 171 (77) | 517 (93) | 174 (81) | 26 (90) |  |  |
 Foreigner | 50 (5) | 9 (4) | 34 (6) | 5 (2) | 2 (7) |  |  |
Smoking, N (%) | 225 (22) | 51 (23) | 131 (24) | 37 (17) | 6 (21) | 0.604 | 72 (7) |
SES, N (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 | 8 (1) |
 Low | 335 (33) | 101 (45) | 131 (24) | 81 (38) | 22 (76) |  |  |
 Middle | 427 (42) | 94 (42) | 214 (39) | 119 (55) | 0 (0) |  |  |
 High | 252 (25) | 25 (11) | 207 (37) | 15 (7) | 5 (17) |  |  |
NIHSS on admission, median (IQR) | 4 (2–12) | 5 (2–9) | 4 (2–14) | 3 (1–8) | 3 (2–14) | 0.028 | 75 (7) |
CCI, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–3) | 0.133 | 89 (9) |
Comorbidities, N (%) | |||||||
 Hypertension | 546 (53) | 123 (55) | 332 (60) | 74 (34) | 17 (59) | < 0.001 | 9 (1) |
 Myocardial infarction | 103 (10) | 15 (7) | 71 (13) | 17 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.012 | 15 (2) |
 Heart failure | 66 (7) | 2 (1) | 52 (9) | 8 (4) | 4 (15) | < 0.001 | 22 (2) |
 Previous stroke/TIA | 274 (27) | 58 (26) | 156 (28) | 54 (25) | 6 (21) | 0.745 | 10 (1) |
 Carotid stenosis | 64 (6) | 11 (5) | 44 (8) | 8 (4) | 1 (3) | 0.093 | 50 (5) |
 PAOD | 80 (8) | 13 (6) | 46 (8) | 17 (8) | 4 (14) | 0.374 | 14 (1) |
 Diabetes mellitus | 39 (4) | 9 (4) | 25 (5) | 4 (2) | 1 (3) | 0.409 | 15 (2) |
 Connective tissue disease | 26 (3) | 0 (0) | 13 (2) | 13 (6) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 | 24 (2) |
 Cancer | 112 (11) | 32 (14) | 44 (8) | 34 (16) | 2 (7) | 0.004 | 6 (1) |
 Metastasis | 24 (2) | 8 (4) | 10 (2) | 5 (2) | 1 (3) | 0.514 | 27 (3) |
Caregiver post-discharge, N (%) | 563 (55) | 140 (63) | 292 (53) | 121 (56) | 10 (34) | 0.066 | 150 (15) |
Onset-to-door time, median minutes (IQR) | 213 (80–672) | 275 (72–959) | 215 (93–641) | 149 (63–384) | 113 (41–368) | 0.002 | 153 (15) |