Table 1 Model performance comparison between sex-aggregated XGBoost, sex-separated XGBoost, semi-Bayesian ridge regression, Bozeman linear regression and linear regression with all possible interaction terms
From: Waist circumference prediction for epidemiological research using gradient boosted trees
Model: | XGBoost | Semi-Bayesian Ridge Regression | Bozeman Linear Regression | Linear Regression | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex: | Aggregated | Separate Models | Separate Models | Separate Models | Separate Models | ||||||
Count | RMSE | Bias | RMSE | Bias | RMSE | Bias | RMSE | Bias | RMSE | Bias | |
Overall | 60,740 | 4.70 ± 0.05 | 0 ± 0.04 | 4.71 ± 0.04 0% | 0 ± 0.05 | 4.89 ± 0.05*** 4% | 0 ± 0.04 | 5.01 ± 0.06*** 7% | 0 ± 0.04 | 4.72 ± 0.05 0% | 0 ± 0.04 |
Female | 26,750 | 5.41 ± 0.09 | 0.01 ± 0.07 | 5.43 ± 0.09 0% | 0 ± 0.08 | 5.67 ± 0.1*** 5% | 0 ± 0.07 | 5.95 ± 0.12*** 10% | 0 ± 0.06 | 5.46 ± 0.1 1% | 0 ± 0.06 |
Asian | 8402 | 4.4 ± 0.13 | 0.07 ± 0.17 | 4.39 ± 0.12 0% | − 0.01 ± 0.16 | 4.7 ± 0.12*** 7% | 0.68 ± 0.16*** | 4.67 ± 0.12*** 6% | 0 ± 0.16 | 4.54 ± 0.11* 3% | 0 ± 0.17 |
Black | 4321 | 5.94 ± 0.16 | −0.06 ± 0.23 | 5.98 ± 0.17 1% | 0.05 ± 0.2 | 6.24 ± 0.23** 5% | − 0.89 ± 0.23*** | 6.67 ± 0.23*** 12% | 0.01 ± 0.29 | 5.91 ± 0.16 0% | 0.01 ± 0.22 |
Hispanic | 5298 | 5.62 ± 0.31 | −0.01 ± 0.36 | 5.65 ± 0.32 1% | − 0.01 ± 0.37 | 5.83 ± 0.34 4% | − 0.41 ± 0.36* | 6.12 ± 0.31** 9% | 0 ± 0.38 | 5.65 ± 0.31 1% | 0 ± 0.35 |
Other/Mixed | 343 | 5.66 ± 0.68 | − 0.83 ± 0.64 | 5.66 ± 0.56 0% | −0.55 ± 0.57 | 5.61 ± 0.79 − 1% | −0.91 ± 0.7 | 6.2 ± 1.15 10% | 0.05 ± 0.67** | 5.76 ± 0.66 2% | − 0.02 ± 0.8* |
White | 8386 | 5.87 ± 0.16 | 0.04 ± 0.23 | 5.9 ± 0.15 0% | 0 ± 0.24 | 6.12 ± 0.19** 4% | 0.08 ± 0.25 | 6.53 ± 0.17*** 11% | 0 ± 0.27 | 5.9 ± 0.15 0% | 0 ± 0.23 |
Male | 33,990 | 4.05 ± 0.05 | − 0.01 ± 0.07 | 4.05 ± 0.05 0% | 0 ± 0.06 | 4.18 ± 0.05*** 3% | 0 ± 0.07 | 4.13 ± 0.05** 2% | 0 ± 0.06 | 4.04 ± 0.05 0% | 0 ± 0.06 |
Asian | 17,056 | 3.90 ± 0.08 | − 0.02 ± 0.12 | 3.89 ± 0.08 0% | 0.01 ± 0.11 | 3.98 ± 0.08* 2% | − 0.33 ± 0.11*** | 4 ± 0.07 ** 3% | 0 ± 0.11 | 3.9 ± 0.08 0% | 0 ± 0.12 |
Black | 3951 | 4.40 ± 0.24 | 0.13 ± 0.19 | 4.4 ± 0.23 0% | 0.05 ± 0.19 | 4.8 ± 0.22** 9% | 0.99 ± 0.2*** | 4.56 ± 0.25 4% | 0 ± 0.19 | 4.37 ± 0.24 − 1% | 0 ± 0.19 |
Hispanic | 4691 | 3.88 ± 0.12 | − 0.02 ± 0.14 | 3.88 ± 0.13 0% | − 0.02 ± 0.15 | 3.96 ± 0.12 2% | 0.47 ± 0.16*** | 3.9 ± 0.13 0% | 0 ± 0.15 | 3.87 ± 0.12 0% | 0 ± 0.15 |
Other/ Mixed | 381 | 4.52 ± 0.58 | −0.25 ± 0.7 | 4.6 ± 0.62 2% | − 0.33 ± 0.63 | 4.75 ± 0.64 5% | 0.67 ± 0.73* | 4.7 ± 0.64 4% | 1.2 ± 0.68*** | 4.52 ± 0.51 0% | −0.03 ± 0.69 |
White | 7911 | 4.25 ± 0.12 | − 0.05 ± 0.1 | 4.25 ± 0.12 0% | − 0.01 ± 0.09 | 4.37 ± 0.13* 3% | − 0.08 ± 0.09 | 4.28 ± 0.12 1% | −0.06 ± 0.09 | 4.23 ± 0.1 0% | 0 ± 0.09 |