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Table 1 Baseline characteristics between smokers experiencing NAEs versus not experiencing NAEs during smoking cessation treatment period

From: Bayesian regularization to predict neuropsychiatric adverse events in smoking cessation with pharmacotherapy

Variables

NAEs (n = 119)

No NAEs (n = 1084)

P(OR > 1)

Number of cigarettes per day (mean (SD))

18 (7)

18 (7)

0.42

Carbon monoxide level in ppm (mean (SD))

23 (9)

23 (10)

0.38

Obesity levels (N, %)

   

 Normal

35 (29)

286 (26)

Ref

 Underweight

0 (0)

12 (1)

0

 Overweight

41 (35)

375 (35)

0.34

 Obesity

43 (36)

411 (38)

0.30

MNWS items (median [Q1, Q3])

   

 Angry, irritable, frustrated

1 [0, 1]

0 [0, 1]

 > 0.99

 Anxious, nervous

0 [0, 1]

0 [0, 1]

0.83

 Depressed mood

0 [0, 0]

0 [0, 0]

0.83

 Desire or craving to smoke

3 [2.5, 4]

3 [2, 4]

0.59

 Difficulty concentrating

0 [0, 1]

0 [0, 1]

0.98

 Increased appetite, weight gain

0 [0, 1]

0 [0, 1]

0.98

 Insomnia, sleep problems

0 [0, 2]

0 [0, 1]

 > 0.99

 Restless

0 [0, 1]

0 [0, 1]

 > 0.99

 Impatient

1 [0, 1]

0 [0, 1]

0.99

 Constipation

0 [0, 0]

0 [0, 0]

0.94

 Cough

1 [0, 2]

1 [0, 2]

0.71

 Dreaming or nightmares

0 [0, 1]

0 [0, 0]

 > 0.99

 Sore throat

0 [0, 0]

0 [0, 0]

0.89

PANAS positive affect items (median [Q1, Q3])

   

 Interested

4 [3, 4]

4 [3, 4]

0.17

 Excited

3 [2, 3]

3 [2, 4]

0.31

 Strong

3 [2, 4]

3 [2, 4]

0.27

 Enthusiastic

3 [2, 4]

3 [2, 4]

0.12

 Proud

3 [2, 4]

3 [2, 4]

 < 0.01

 Alert

4 [3, 4]

4 [3, 4]

0.39

 Inspired

3 [2, 4]

3 [2, 4]

0.16

 Determined

4 [3, 4]

4 [3, 5]

0.30

 Attentive

3 [3, 4]

4 [3, 4]

0.16

 Active

3 [2, 4]

3 [3, 4]

0.04

PANAS negative affect items (median [Q1, Q3])

   

 Distressed

1 [1, 2]

1 [1, 2]

0.97

 Upset

1 [1, 2]

1 [1, 2]

0.99

 Guilty

1 [1]

1 [1]

0.98

 Scared

1 [1]

1 [1]

0.86

 Hostile

1 [1]

1 [1]

0.97

 Irritable

1 [1, 2]

1 [1, 2]

 > 0.99

 Ashamed

1 [1]

1 [1]

0.62

 Nervous

1 [1, 2]

1 [1, 2]

0.74

 Jittery

1 [1]

1 [1]

0.79

 Afraid

1 [1]

1 [1]

0.71

QSU-B Factor 2 (median [Q1, Q3])

7 [4, 13]

6 [4, 10]

 > 0.99

QSU-B Factor 1 (median [Q1, Q3])

20 [12, 28]

17 [11, 26]

0.96

Experience neuropsychiatric events (N, %)

2 (1.7)

24 (2.2)

0.29

Age (mean (SD))

46 (12)

46 (11)

0.64

Race (N, %)

   

 Caucasian

69 (58)

596 (55)

Ref

 African American

39 (33)

413 (38)

0.18

 Other

11 (9)

75 (7)

0.70

Hispanic (N, %)

10 (8)

53 (5)

0.92

Female (N, %)

56 (47)

472 (44)

0.78

Marital status (N, %)

   

 Never married

42 (35)

364 (34)

Ref

 Divorced/Widowed/Separated

27 (23)

283 (26)

0.23

 Married or living as married

50 (42)

437 (40)

0.49

Higher than high school education (N, %)

78 (66)

755 (70)

0.18

Employment status (N, %)

   

 Full-time

55 (46)

496 (46)

Ref

 Part-time

18 (15)

182 (17)

0.31

 Retired/Unemployed

46 (39)

406 (38)

0.55

Weekly number of drinks (mean (SD))

3 (5)

3 (5)

0.50

Prefer menthol cigarette (N, %)

51 (43)

518 (48)

0.19

FTND HSI (median [Q1, Q3])

4 [3, 4]

4 [3, 4]

0.95

Treatment (N, %)

   

 Placebo

40 (34)

350 (32)

Ref

 Varenicline

40 (34)

367 (34)

0.42

 Nicotine patch

39 (33)

367 (34)

0.38

Nicotine metabolism levels (N, %)

   

 Slow

64 (54)

577 (53)

Ref

 Normal

55 (46)

507 (47)

0.45

  1. NAEs Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events, MNWS Minnesota Withdrawal Scale, PANAS Positive and Negative Affect Scale, QSU-B Questionnaire on Smoking Urges – Brief (Factor 1 strong desire and intention to smoke, with smoking perceived as rewarding; Factor 2 anticipation of relief from negative affect with an urgent desire to smoke), FTND HSI Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence Heaviness of Smoking Index, P(OR > 1) Posterior Probability of Being More Likely to Experience NAEs, SD Standard Deviation, Q1 First Quartile, Q3 Third Quartile, Ref Reference group
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BMC Medical Research Methodology

ISSN: 1471-2288

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